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Odd-parity spin-loop-current order mediated by transverse spin fluctuations in cuprates and related electron systems

H. Kontani, Y. Yamakawa, R. Tazai, and S. Onari, Phys. Rev. Research 3, 013127 (2021).

Unconventional symmetry-breaking phenomena due to nontrivial order parameters attract increasing attention in strongly correlated electron systems. Here, we predict theoretically the occurrence of nanoscale spontaneous spin current, called the spin-loop-current (sLC) order, as a promising origin of the pseudogap and electronic nematicity in cuprates. We reveal that the sLC is driven by the odd-parity electron-hole condensations that are mediated by transverse spin fluctuations around the pseudogap temperature T. At the same temperature, odd-parity magnon pair condensation occurs. The sLC order is “hidden” in that neither internal magnetic field nor charge-density modulation is induced, whereas the predicted sLC with finite wave-number naturally gives the Fermi arc structure. In addition, the fluctuations of sLC order work as attractive pairing interaction between adjacent hot spots, which enlarges the d-wave superconducting transition temperature Tc. The sLC state will be a key ingredient in understanding the pseudogap, electronic nematicity, as well as superconductivity in cuprates and other strongly correlated metals.

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